Energy. Forms of energy

Energy is the capacity of a body to effect a change in itself or its environment. The term comes from the Greek word enérgeia, meaning activity .
It is measured in Joules (J) in the international system (SI). Other units are:
- Calorie: 1 cal = 4.18 J
- kilowatt hour: 1 kWh = 3.6 10 6 J
Energy can be presented in different forms:
Kinetic energy

It is the energy that bodies that are in motion possess .
Potential energy

It is the energy that a body has due to its position . For example, a body located at a certain height above the ground or a compressed or stretched spring have this type of energy.
Mechanical energy

It is the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of a body.
Chemical energy

It is produced or consumed in chemical reactions due to the breaking or formation of bonds between atoms.
Nuclear power

It occurs in reactions in which particles of the nucleus of an atom are separated (fission) or joined (fusion) , releasing a large amount of energy. Fission reactions are those that occur in nuclear power plants, and fusion reactions are those related to the energy of hydrogen.
Thermal energy

It is the energy due to the degree of agitation or kinetic energy of the particles of a body . It is related to temperature .
Sound energy

It is the energy transmitted by sound waves through the vibrations of the particles of the medium through which they propagate.
Electrical energy

It is the energy that the body has due to the presence of electrical charges or currents .
Electromagnetic energy and light energy

Electromagnetic energy is transported by electromagnetic waves such as microwaves, radio, infrared, ultraviolet or X-rays. Light energy is a type of electromagnetic energy that has a wavelength that our eye can capture.
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