Protist Kingdom

Protist KIngdom

Protists are microorganisms made up of eukaryotic cells and haven't got tissues. Protists include organisms that don't belong to any of the other kingdoms, however, the two most important groups are protozoa and algae.
PROTOZOA		ALGAE
Vorticella, microorganism di acqua dolce. 500Paolo. Wikipedia (CC BY) Protozoa are heterotrophic and unicellular organisms. They mostly reproduce by binary fission but some can have sexual reproduction. They live in moist and aquatic habitats. In general their size varies from 10 to 55 micrometres. Some have structures for propulsion or other types of movements. Regarding these structures they can be classified as sporozoan, ciliates, flagellates and rhizopods.	Protist Protozoa Algae Propulsion	Euglena gracilis, an example of single-celled alga. Fickleandfreckled. Flickr (CC BY) Algae are autotrophic eukaryotic organisms. Many are single-cell but others are multicellular. They can reproduce asexually, (through spores), vegetatively (through cell division) or sexually (through the union of gametes). They can live in freshwater or saltwater. Their size ranges from microscopic to 60 metres of some giant kelp.
a. Sporozoan: They are non-motile and usually parasites, for example, Plasmodium vivax, which causes malaria. b. Ciliates:They have hair-like organelles called cilia around them for locomotion, for example, Paramecium caudatum or Stentor polymorphe.	Sporozoan Ciliates Flagellates	Apart from the chlorophyll, which makes them green, they can contain other pigments that make them show different colours. If they contain xanthines, they will be brown and if they contain phycobilins, they will be red.
c. Flagellates: They have one or more whip-like organelles called flagella to move, for example, Tripanosoma brucei. d. Rhizopods: They move using pseudopods which can be extended or retracted, for example, amoebas.	Xanthines Phycobilins	Seaweed in the Baltic Sea. Kriemer. Pixabay. (Pixabay liccence)
Amoeba. Kupirijo. Wikimedia (Public Domain)	Rhizopods Pseudopods

Activity 1

1. Complete with the missing letters.

Kelp Forest tank, Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey County, California, USA. Daderot. Wikimedia. (CC0)

Cloze (1):

Cloze (2):

Cloze (3):

Cloze (4):

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Cloze (6):

Cloze (7):

Cloze (8):

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Cloze (10):

Cloze (11):

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Cloze (14):

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Cloze (17):

Cloze (18):

Cloze (19):

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Activity 2

2. Listen and write the word.

Cloze (1):	Cloze (2):	Cloze (3):	Cloze (4):

Cloze (5):	Cloze (6):	Cloze (7):	Cloze (8):

Cloze (9):	Cloze (10):	Cloze (11):	Cloze (12):

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Activity 3

3. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)?
Tripanosoma brucei, an example of flagellate protozoan. Fickleandfreckled. Flickr. (CC BY)	1. Protozoa and algae are the only organisms that belong to the protist kingdom.	Cloze (1): JXUwMDFl
	2. Algae have got tissues.	Cloze (2): JXUwMDFl
	3. Ciliates have got flagella to move	Cloze (3): JXUwMDFl
	4. An amoeba is a rhizopod.	Cloze (4): JXUwMDBj
	5. Sporozoans move freely in the water.	Cloze (5): JXUwMDFl
Isotricha intestinalis a ciliate present in the rumen of sheep. Sharon Franklin. Colorization by Stephen Ausmus.. Wikipedia (Public Domain)	6. Protist organisms live on the ground.	Cloze (6): JXUwMDFl
	7. Flagellates are a type of algae.	Cloze (7): JXUwMDFl
	8. All algae are multicellular.	Cloze (8): JXUwMDFl
	9. If algae are red, the contain a pigment called phycobilins.	Cloze (9): JXUwMDBj
	10. Algae are a type of protist.	Cloze (10): JXUwMDBj

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Extra activity

	Visit the school library and find answers for these questions. Both members of the group should be able to explain the answers to the rest of the class.
	1. What is the red tide?	2. What is malaria?
	3. What is leishmaniasis?	4. What is the sleeping sickness?
	5. What is phytoplankton?

Charles Darwin

Charles Darwin in 1881. Elliot and Fry. Wikipedia. (Public Domain)

Charles Robert Darwin was an English biologist and naturalist.

He was born on Shrewsbury, West Midlands in 1809. At school he liked collecting things from nature, performing chemistry experiments with his brother and science. He started medicine studies at University but he didn’t like it and found surgery horrifying. His father sent him to Cambridge where he got a Bachelor of Arts degree. While at university he continued with his interest in botany and zoology.

In 1831 he started as a naturalist on HMS Beagle, one of the British Royal Navy’s survey ships. It sailed to places such as Cape Verde Islands and Galapagos islands where he collected samples of flora, fauna, and fossils. All his experiences were finally written in the book On the Origin of Species (1859). There he explains the theory of evolution by natural selection which deals with how an organism experiments changes to adapt to its environment and this is the key to understand the diversity of life on Earth.

He also wrote other books, Voyage of the Beagle, The Power of Movement in Plants, The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms, etc. He became a respected, well-known scientist and was awarded the Copley Medal in 1864 which other scientists like Benjamin Franklin, Alessandro Volta, Michael Faraday, Alexander von Humboldt and Robert Bunsen had received before.

1. Choose the right word to make correct statements

1. Charles Darwin was born on the Cloze (1): JXUwMDY5JXUwMDA4JXUwMDRkJXUwMDFj century.

2. He was born in Cloze (2): .

3. He liked practising Cloze (3): with his brother.

4. He Cloze (4): medicine at university.

5. He Cloze (5): a doctor.

6. When he was twenty-two he enrolled in a ship to work as a Cloze (6): .

7. He believes that Cloze (7): happen s through natural selection.

8. His most famous book is Cloze (8): .

9. Adapting to Cloze (9): is the key that explains the diversity of life on our planet.

10. He was awarded the Copley Medal in Cloze (10): JXUwMDY5JXUwMDA5JXUwMDBlJXUwMDAy .

Teamwork

2. In pairs write a text about one of the scientists mentioned above: Benjamin Franklin, Alessandro Volta, Michael Faraday, Alexander von Humboldt and Robert Bunsen.

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Project

Let's find out about women scientists in the 19th century. Divide in pairs or into groups of three and choose one woman who became a scientist in the 19th century. You can create a poster, a slideshow, a radio interview or any other method to present your work.

Woman. Geralt. Pixabay. (Pixabay Licence)

Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike License 4.0

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Speaking of Science foi realizado por Yolanda Varela Guzmán durante unha licenza por formación no curso 2018-2019.