The manifestations of static electricity are numerous. It is easy to identify them and we can classify them according to how the electric charge is acquired.

BY RUBBING

This happens when two bodies in contact slide together. The charges of one go to the other. Example: combing dry hair.

BY INDUCTION

When a charged body comes near a neutral body, it induces a separation of charges. Example: hair nearing a television.

BY CONTACT

When a charged body touches a neutral body, it gives the neutral body part of its charge. Example: touching a car.

Hai numerosas manifestacións da electricidade estática. É fácil identificalas e podemos clasificalas dacordo a como se adquire a carga eléctrica:

POR FROTAMENTO

Isto pasa cando dous corpos en contacto de desprazan un sobre outro. As cargas dun van ó outro. Por exemplo: ó peitear pelo seco.

POR INDUCIÓN

Cando un corpo cargado se aproxima a un corpo neutro, induce unha separación de cargas. Exemplo: pelo preto dun televisor.

POR CONTACTO

Cando un corpo cargado toca un corpo neutro, lle da ó corpo neutro parte da súa carga. Exemplo: tocar un coche.

To make a device for detecting charges of electricity, a jam jar, some wire, and pieces of light foil or paper are needed.

A waxed or insulated cork is necessary to prevent the charge from leaking away. Push an L-shaped piece of brass or copper through it, and hang a piece of tissue paper or a strip of aluminium foil from the lower end.

If a charged body is brought near the rod, the leaves of the paper fly apart because they have received the same kind of charge.

Na foto vemos un electroscopio similar. Wikimedia commons. Public domain.