Charles I:
Charles V inherited a vast empire from his maternal grandparents (the Catholic Monarchs) and from his paternal grandparents (title of Emperor and territories in Central Europe). Check out his family tree and the territories he inherited by clicking the button on the navigation bar. As King of Spain, he was known as Charles I.
He faced the opposition of the Comuneros (1520-1521) who were the nobility, bourgeoisie and pesants from Castile who protested against the increasing of taxes. The Comuneros had some victories but they were finally defeated in 1521 after the Castilian nobility finally agreed to support the king.
He also had to deal with the revolt of Brotherhoods (Germanías) (1519-1523) in Valencia and Mallorca, who were the artisans rebelled against the nobles. But Charles I supported the nobility and the artisans were finally defeated.
His reign was dominated by war, particularly by three big concurrent and long lasting conflicts: the Italian Wars with France, the struggle to stop the Turkish advance into Europe, and the conflict with the German princes resulting from the Protestant Reformation. This conflict finally ended with the Peace of Augsburg (1555).
He abdicated in 1556. His brother Ferdinand inherited his Austrian territories and his son Philip (from that moment Philip II) inherited all his other territories

A

G

C