# 3.5. Diseño a escala

## Glosario

## Equivalente

Definición:

Se dice cuando un objeto, figura o cosa es igual a otro u otra.

Ejemplo:

Su nota equivale un sobresaliente.

# Escalas

Imagina que quieres representar este disfraz de esqueleto en una hoja de papel. Tendrás que reducir su tamaño.

Si además quieres que tenga la misma forma, tendrás que medir su altura y su ancho y, después, dividir cada medida siempre por el mismo número, por ejemplo entre dos.

Estás haciendo una escala.

Para hacer una escala hay que dividir o multiplicar las medidas de un objeto por un número.

La división reduce el tamaño, la multiplicación lo aumenta.

## Ejemplo de reducción

Por ejemplo, si la pierna mide 140 cm y haces la cuarta parte obtenemos 35 cm.

Estamos aplicando una escala 1:4, cada centímetro del dibujo son cuatro centímetros en la realidad.

En una escala el primer número siempre significa el dato del dibujo, y el segundo número indica el dato real.

(dibujo) : (real)

## Ejemplo de ampliación

Imagina que quieres dibujar un clip que mide de largo 3 cm.

Decides ampliarlo multiplicando su tamaño por dos.

La escala ahora es 2:1, el dibujo mide el doble que en la realidad.

# Comparativa de escala

Observa el cambio de escala al mover el deslizador.

https://www.geogebra.org/m/runxmt3p (Ventana nueva)

Proxecto%20cREAgal,https%3A//www.geogebra.org/m/runxmt3p,Simetr%EDa%20respecto%20a%20recta,0,Autor%EDa
Actividad%20no%20completada,Actividad%20superada.%20Puntuaci%F3n%3A%20%25s,Actividad%20no%20superada.%20Puntuaci%F3n%3A%20%25s,Guardar%20la%20puntuaci%F3n

Autoría: Ceferino A.

# Relaciona

¿Cuál sería la distancia real de las siguientes medidas si la escala es 1:25?

Une cada distancia representada con su equivalente en la realidad.

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¿Cuál sería la distancia real de las siguientes medidas si la escala es 1:25?

\n

Une cada distancia representada con su equivalente en la realidad.

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Su navegador no es compatible con esta herramienta.

# Representar una escala

Una escala puede aparecer representada de forma numérica, como ya has visto anteriormente, y de forma gráfica.

En la escala gráfica aparece una barra indicando cual es el valor real de una distancia que está representada.

## Lectura facilitada

### Una escala puede ser:

### NUMÉRICA:

Esta es la manera más habitual de encontrar escalas.

Utilizamos los dos puntos : para indicar, en la parte izquierda cual es el valor en la representación y en la parte derecha la equivalencia en la realidad.

### GRÁFICA:

Aparece una barra indicando cual es el valor real de una distancia que está representada.

# Clasifica

Arrastra cada tarjeta hasta su contenedor.

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